KING TUBBY’S REIGN :: essays papers

KING TUBBYS REIGNDub mean unexampled riddim. Dub jus mean raw music, nuttin water-down. Version is like your creativeness off the riddim, without voice.Osbourne Ruddock, known professionally and affectionately as King Tubby, the Dub Master of all dub masters, is very the Daddy of Dub, in every sense of the word. Not only was he one of the most innovative musical engineers of his time, but an artist, a pioneer, and a teacher to the procession of dub masters that would follow in his shadow. The list is endless of those he influenced first-handedly, including such noble physical bodys as Hopeton Scientist Brown, Philip Smart, Lee Scratch Perry, Prince Jammy, and Yabby You, to name a few. His reign as the Dub Master lasted for nearly a decade, but his innovative techniques, spaced out rhythms, and overall inventiveness have left(a) a lasting imprint on the dub scene. King Tubby is dub, and he will never be forgotten.January 28, 1941 marks the day this emperor, Osbourne Ruddock, was b orn into the world. He was raised on High Holborn Street in Central Kingston, remaining there until 1955 when he moved to the Waterhouse district. (1) His career took off very slowly, as it did not have a title, never mind an available position, at that time. He began working as a radio technician, or repairman, and by the late 1950s, had already started experimenting with sound system amplifiers, manipulating the available sounds to ones that sounded native of outer space. By 1964, he had his own Tubbys Home Town Hi-Fi system, to which he would finally incorporate a custom reverb and an echo facilitator. During this time, he had taken up a job, working for Duke Reid as a disc-cutter. One day when Tubs was mixing up a version for Reid, he accidentally left out pieces of the vocal track from the recording. After replaying the mix, he found himself pleased with the sound he had unknowingly created. Tubby began to take the latest Rocksteady hits and create new versions of them by drop ping the vocal track, boosting parts of the instrumental track, and add(ing) subtles effects like echo or grasp to the instruments he had isolated, writes John Dougan.(2) Without knowing it, Tubs had stumbled upon a whole new era for Reggae he had invented DUB. In order to get his new sounds heard and accepted by the public, Tubby ambushed the radio waves in the early 1970s by hijacking one of the two lines available in Kingston.

German Guilt in Bernhard Schlinks The Reader Essay -- essays research

Every year or so, something happens in the media that brings us all back to the atrocities of World War II, and the German persecution of the Jews. It seems that the horrors of that time go off only be digested and understood in small bites. How else can we personalize and comprehend a tragedy of that magnitude? Most of what we read and view in the media about the holocaust is a perspective from the Jewish experience. Recently, however, a question has been posed in regards to finding closure with that troubling piece of history from the German conscience. Can one Germans experience reflect the tendencies of the entire country with regards to passion, denial, guilt, and finally justice? Absolutely, according to Michael Berg, the main character in Bernhard Schlink?s novel, The Reader. After macrocosm hypnotized for two days while I read this very interesting story, I would have to ag ree. Once I saw the startling similarities in the area of seduction, the door opened for me to see what I believe Schlink was trying to show all along. We are capable of behaving in quite extraordinary ways, barely when all is said and done, we must live with the consequences of our actions, as individuals or as a Nation. Although we may deny the motives of our past actions, either good or bad, the righteousness does not change, and with the truth comes a reckoning, The book starts in post-war Germany. A fifteen year old Michael Berg is assisted by a beautiful ripened woman after vomiting in the street. He is very ill and needs months to recover from Hepatitis, but goes back to thank the woman, Hanna, as soon as he is fit enough to leave his home. Although Mich... ...anting to forgive the German war criminals, (Hanna), but universe unable to openly because it would appear to condone the actions. He speaks of something being so horrific that the mind can become numb to it. What would his approach to Hanna have been if he had not been involved with her emotionally? The questions keep coming, with no subdued answers. Michael tries to atone for his betrayal of Hanna by reading books to her on cassette, then sending them to her in prison. Hanna learns to read and gains understanding of the Holocaust. She tries to atone for her involvement by leaving her net profit to a survivor and after she dies, Michael attempts to carry out her will. The survivor refuses the money, and sends Michael on his way with no sympathy. This book leaves many of us quietly asking ourselves, ?What would I have done. It also demands to be read again.

Carbohydrates :: essays research papers

IntroductionCarbohydrates are molecules that contain Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. The most basic sugar- carbohydrate is the monosaccharide. Carbohydrate molecules are categorized by the number of carbons present in the molecule. Glucose, the most common monosaccharide has six carbons per molecule, which is called a hexose. Carbohydrates also have a 21 hydrogen to atomic number 8 ratio. This aids in the condensation and hydrolysis chemical reactions. A condensation reaction occurs when cardinal monosaccharides join by the removal of H2O. During condensation synthesis one monosaccharide losses an OH and the other losses a H. As a result the two monosaccharides bond by forming maltose a disaccharide with a by-product of a sluttish H2O. When three or more monosaccharides or monomer are involved in a condensation synthesis a polymer or polysaccharide is formed with a by product of water. Starch and Glycogen are two common chain polymers.Just as the removal of water joins carbohydrat es together via condensation synthesis, hydrolysis is the reaction use water to break apart Di and polysaccharide. A Di-saccharide is bound by sharing an oxygen with one hydrogen on each opposing side. When H2O is re-introduced via hydrolysis the two monomers in the disaccharide no longer need to share one H2O, and as a result the opposing sides absorb the OH and H and break apart. This reaction is a common theme in the digestion of complex carbohydrates.Experiment 3 Test for SugarsWe will block out five different resolvings for presence or absence of reducing sugars utilise a premixed Benedicts reagent. These dependent variable solutions will be water, glucose , onion juice, potato juice, and starch suspension. When the Benidicts reagent is combined with sugars at a boiling temperature, a color reaction will occur. Our independent variable, Benidicts reagent color is blue.The negative control will be the combination of water and Benidicts reagent. This sample will undergo all t he steps of the test except for the one being tested for i.e. sugars. If the end result is negative color change (blue) , it will thus be determined that the experiment and the Benidicts reagent is non contaminated and the experiment may proceed. The negative control will also serve as a comparison to gauge against the color change in the other four sugar tests.EXPERIMENT 3 Test for Sugars TESTS MAT. & METHODS HYPOTHESIS RESULTSTube 1 1cm water+2cm Benidicts reagent. No color changeNegative control no color change. Neg-sugar. BlueTube 2 1cm glucose solution+ 2cm Benidicts reagent.

Medieval Ballad vs. Modern Interpretation in Get Up and Bar the Door Es

Medieval Ballad vs. Modern Interpretation in Get Up and Bar the doorsill An often used literary form in Medieval English literature was the folk ballad, an example of which is Get Up and Bar the Door. A ordinary ballad is humorous, its author is unknown, and it focuses on one subject. This subject and the events of the story are conveyed both by the words written and those implied. The implied thoughts are conveyed and emphasized using a variety of literary techniques such as symbolism, repetition, and rhyme. The anonymous author of Get Up and Bar the Door tells his story make use of these and other literary techniques. The basic conflict in this ballad is one if not widely used, easily recognized man vs. woman, or more specifically, husband vs. wife, a participation of the wills. The setting of this story is mid-November, in the home of a man and his wife, most likely of the lower two-thrids of society, since the wife must do her own housework. The wind is blowing and plan of attack in through the door, and the man, in the typical male fashion, tells his wife to shut the door. She repl...

Coke: Behind the Image Essay -- Soft Drinks Papers

Coke Behind the Image Al near everywhere I go, I see advertisements for The Real Thing. scour during my trip to Mozambique, a country stricken with p everywherety where the people rarely speak English, native children knew how to ask for their favorite drink, available just down the passage at the street vendors hut. Created in 1885 by pharmacist John Pemberton, Coca-Cola has evolved from a tonic peddled by traveling salesmen to cure headaches and hangovers, to one of the most recognized and most widely enjoyed beverages of all time (Oliver 14). On average, North Americans drink at least one serving of Coke per day (CSPI sc1). With over two million dollars spent every year on advertising and with very competitive prices, Coke is appealing to and affordable for people of all ages and monetary situations. Although most people believe that Coke is the ultimate companion to a good time, that Coke promotes freedom and fun, that it tastes good and poses no threat to the health, I at one time see that with its aggressive advertising and inherent health risks, Coke has a hidden agenda to create young addicts and further peoples trick of control. In 1885 Coke was originally trademarked as the Ideal Nerve and Tonic Stimulant, containing cocaine, wine and kola nut for flavor, and sold in drugstores (Oliver 13). Later, the wine was remote and the cocaine was replaced with caffeine. The beverage was then bottled and sold within arms reach of desire, a new concept by Coke businessmen who valued Coke to be available wherever people were thirsty (Oliver 14). From the early 1900s on, Coke has kept growing, remaining in the top ten lists for both best-loved beverages and highest sales (CSPI sc... ...4. Academic Search Elite. Palni SiteSearch. Goshen College Good Library. 9 Mar. 2002. Manning, Steven. Branding Kids For Life. Nation 20 Nov. 20007. Academic Search Elite. Palni SiteSearch. Goshen College G ood Library. 9 Mar. 2002.Myopia. Nutrition Action health Letter Dec. 199816. Academic Search Elite. Palni SiteSearch. Goshen College Good Library. 9 Mar. 2002.Oliver, Thomas. The Real Coke, the Real Story. New York Random House, 1986. Sampey, Kathleen. Coke Shifts Not-So-Funny Ad Tack, Reaches For Teens in Next TV Push. Brandweek 9 Oct. 20005. Academic Search Elite. Palni SiteSearch. Goshen College Good Library. 9 Mar. 2002.Save Harry. Nov. 2001. CSPI. www.saveharry.com/bythenumbers.html 29 Mar. 2002 Watters, Pat. Coca-cola. An Illustrated History. Garden City, NY Doubleday, 1978.

The Five Main Sets of Value Paradigms :: Papers

The Five Main Sets of Value ParadigmsAccording to the text there are 5 important sets of value substitution classs values from a perspective of traditional certainty, values from a perspective of post modern Relativism, values from an environmental perspective, the new-age perspective and values from an eclectic perspective. So lets examine that fundamentals of each paradigm to get a better view.The first and probably the most formal of all the paradigms is the perspective of traditional certainty. This set of values is more or little religious in nature, with the majority of its followers espousing monotheistic or one-God beliefs. Despite all the differences between the ideologies of monotheistic cultures, the one truth that holds constant is that of divine nightspot. This cultural universal constant contends that everything has intrinsic value and therefore must be studied and protected. And out of the chaos that comes with our daily mundane existence, there get out ultimately be a supreme order, which everything adheres to.The values of postmodern relativism on the other hand are completely different. This paradigm concentrates almost exclusively on the mundane and materialistic aspects of life. Postmodern relativism can be divided into two major parts the pragmatic/weak form and the nihilistic/or hard form. In the pragmatic view, ones main goal in life is to strive for all the luxuries that the world can offer and achieve in the flesh(predicate) happiness. A pragmatic believes that there is no ultimate reality, but chaos. But despite this seemingly bleak overview of the world, they still believe that we must strive to be decent and merciful to other people. To quote David Greegor we must act as though we still believe in absolute values favoring a right in which we no longer believe. According to the nihilistic or strong form of postmodern relativism there is no real meaning to anything. They accompany a sort of anything goes attitude wherein they believe whatever happens happens and there is nothing more. According to this view, the world around us is just an illusion and the fundamental twist blocks of all that is considered real, are in fact more real than the entities they make up. Ultimately a nihilistists fate will fall into the hands of randomness and once again turn toward chaos.Values from an environmental perspective are somewhat different from all the others mentioned here. The environmental perspective stresses that nature is a main source of many of the values we see everyday.

The Five Main Sets of Value Paradigms :: Papers

The Five Main Sets of Value ParadigmsAccording to the text there be 5 chief(prenominal) sets of value paradigms values from a perspective of traditional certainty, values from a perspective of post modern Relativism, values from an environmental perspective, the new-age perspective and values from an eclectic perspective. So lets examine that fundamentals of each paradigm to get a better view.The first and probably the most formal of altogether the paradigms is the perspective of traditional certainty. This set of values is more or less religious in nature, with the majority of its followers espousing monotheistic or one-God beliefs. Despite in all the differences between the ideologies of monotheistic cultures, the one truth that holds constant is that of divine order. This cultural universal constant contends that everything has intrinsic value and therefore must be studied and protected. And disclose of the chaos that comes with our daily mundane existence, there will ultima tely be a supreme order, which everything adheres to.The values of postmodernist relativism on the other hand are completely different. This paradigm concentrates almost exclusively on the mundane and materialistic aspects of life. Postmodern relativism can be divided into two major parts the hardheaded/weak form and the nihilistic/or strong form. In the pragmatic view, ones main goal in life is to strive for all the luxuries that the world can offer and achieve personal happiness. A pragmatic relys that there is no ultimate reality, but chaos. But despite this seemingly smutty overview of the world, they still believe that we must strive to be decent and merciful to other people. To quote David Greegor we must act as though we still believe in absolute values favoring a good in which we no longer believe. According to the nihilistic or strong form of postmodern relativism there is no real meaning to anything. They espouse a sort of anything goes attitude wherein they believe wha tever happens happens and there is nothing more. According to this view, the world virtually us is just an illusion and the fundamental building blocks of all that is considered real, are in fact more real than the entities they make up. Ultimately a nihilistists fate will fall into the hands of entropy and once again turn toward chaos.Values from an environmental perspective are somewhat different from all the others mentioned here. The environmental perspective stresses that nature is a main source of many of the values we see everyday.

Cultural Difference

In the past, I had interviewed several Iraqi local anaesthetics that I worked with during my time in their country. The awareness of cultural rules that were presented for us to provide integration into their country was lack in m whatever areas, including the nonverbal rules that varied greatly from the more free American style. First, the quivering of hands, which in America is almost always considered the norm for brush and greeting. While there are no differences in the actual contact, there is not the immediate shaking of hands that occurs in American society.Hand shaking will usually only occur, initially, amongst leaders or spokesmen for a group. This is also done more as an understanding similar to the custom of shaking on it that is less commonplace in todays society. Another custom in America is the constant eye contact, or staring, that occurs as an indication of assistance being provided to the speaker. In Iraq, eye contact is acceptable amongst two individuals durin g private conversation, but the requirement to maintain eye contact does not extend beyond.It is considered a requirement that activity continue during conversation, and it is not rude for one person to talk constantly while others are working and not making any verbal or nonverbal confirmations that they are listening. A third interesting custom in Iraq is that of time. I worked with a crew of 10 men who were from the local village and came to work each day for the Army. These 10 explained that time is a definite in their culture. If someone says they will do something, it will either intromit a time or not, as opposed to Americans who indicate maybe, soon or sometime. This definitive culture is because of religious tenets that dictate when things will occur in their country. Meal times occur at a given interval, prayer times also, while work does not require certain times to be performed. The difference with work hours is the establishment of verbal contracts, as we label the act ion, in which times are specified, and those are the times. Working past this time is a person-to-person choice, and those that do not put in overtime are in no way chastised or considered lazy.The same standard is held regarding start times, and they will be an hour early if there is any indication that arriving at their agreed location will delay them working. This level of personal dedication to their culture, and their willingness to self-regulate their behaviors borders on fanaticism, by American standards, yet provides the same group benefits to them that we American individuals seek for ourselves. i. e. No one gets sold for a goat because someone will provide everyone the goat. Adler, Rosenfeld and watch over II. Interplay The Process of Interpersonal Communication, 11th ed. New York Oxford University Press, 2010.

Hardy Winebergg Questions

Genetics test Week 31 Hardy Weinberg 1. If the frequency of allele p in a certain population is 0. 78, what is the frequency of allele q? (1) 2. If the frequency of recessionary homozygotes for a particular gene within a population is 0. 36, what is the frequency of the recessive allele? (1) 3. What does the 2pq part of the equation represent? (1) The peppered moth Biston betularia showed an increase in melanic (dark) forms during the industrial revolution. In most polluted areas of the UK the melanic form became the most common.Moth colour is determined by one single venue, and the melanic form is the dominant allele, with the paler form being the recessive allele. In one study of a heavily polluted area closely Birmingham, Kettlewell (1956) observed a frequency of 87% melanic peppered moths. 4. What is the frequency of recessive homozygotes? (1) a) 0. 87 b) 0. 76 c) 0. 93 d) 0. 13 e) 0. 36 5. What is the frequency q of the recessive allele? (1) a) 0. 87 b) 0. 76 c) 0. 93 d) 0. 1 3 e) 0. 36 6. What is the frequency of heterozygotes? (1) a) 0. 36 b) 0. 46 ) 0. 56 d) 0. 66 e) 0. 76 7. List three assumptions of the Hardy Weinberg model (3) 8. In a given population, only the A and B alleles are present in the ABO system there are no individuals with type O blood or with O alleles in this particular population. If 150 people have type A blood, 100 have type AB blood, and 50 have type B blood, what is the frequency of allele B in this population? (2) a) 0. 25 b) 0. 33 c) 0. 5 d) 0. 66 e) 0. 75 At the PGI locus in the Ojibway pond population of Daphnia, Spitze et al. ound two alleles, S and S-, and the number of individuals with each genotype was 42 SS, 48 SS-, and 38 S-S-. 9. What is the frequency of allele S? (2) a) 0. 48 b) 0. 50 c) 0. 52 d) 0. 54 e) 0. 56 10. Using the S and S- allele frequencies, what would the expected frequency of heterozygotes (SS-) be, if the population was in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium? (1) a) 0. 48 b) 0. 5 c) 0. 52 d) 0. 54 e) 0. 56 11. Is this population in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium? Explain your answer. (1)

Sociology and Recreational Facilities

I am glad to have been apt(p) this opportunity to talk to you today. The title of my speech is Social ills among teenagers. A tidy sum has been said ab come to the fore the deviant behavior of teenagers. Our education system, the media, teenagers themselves and their parents have been blamed. here is no need to point an accusing finger at any item group, but keeping mum over the issue is tantamount to condoning it. Our youths are our most valuable assets. They are the future leaders of the nation. The harm has already been through with(p) and it is now up to us to undo it.One of the main reasons why our youths go astray may be the lack of parental supervision. Nowadays, both parents go out to work. Children are left in the care of foreign maids and child-minders. As a result, they are faced with the threat of the disintegration of the family values and thus, the rising trend in social ills and crimes among teenagers. Parents should closely monitor the activities of their children and be understanding. When parents are often too busy pursuing their own careers to spare some thought for the welfare of their children, children produce up with little religious or moral guidance.When they do not get love and attention at home, they seek attention from others who may or may not come from similar backgrounds. Thus, the social ills affecting our youth may be a reflection of a much larger problem, such as the disintegration of the family unit. Ladies and gentlemen, the media may also play a part in the moral degradation among teenagers. Television programs which show violence and sex and thrill other negative aspects should be restricted.There should also be stricter enforcement of the ban on pornographic material. Teenagers with little or nothing to do during their spare time ordinarily take to the streets. Therefore, recreational facilities such as those found in sports complexes should be available to all youths. at present, existing recreational facilities s eem to either be exclusively for the rich or for older people. the establishment of teen clubs and community centers, that do not charge high fees and that specially target teenagers, should be given top priority.In conclusion, ladies and gentlemen, everyone, including religious, educational and social institutions, as well as individuals and the media, must cooperate with the authorities to combat the social ills afflicting our teenagers. It is important that people, especially youths, do not get into the rut of moral decay. There should be a thorough study of the problem before a proper strategy can be mapped out to channel our youths towards healthier lifestyles. Thank you for your kind attention and have a nice day.

A study of existing disciplines in an organization Essay

There exists a situation that is a bit difficult to get word that is usually faced by information dodge circumspection professionals. Since they atomic number 18 always specialized in the argonas their clients seek professional advice, it becomes difficult for them to design prescriptions unlike some other professionals like doctors. Another piece of employment reason for difficulties experienced is that professionals fail to distinguish the forgeual needs of substance abusers from their wishes and desires. Therefore these professionals maintain to get prepared such that they create confidence in users in relationship to their capabilities.There is high need that there is achieved success during the period of investigating information needs. And therefore the person assigned the duties of a system identifier mustiness be acceptable at all levels of users. They are also required to have credibility. An information system identifier has to adopt a procedural guideline for na ming of needs. (Malcolm Pettu. Information resources management, 1989, Blackwell NCC) A study of existing disciplines in an governing body. It is the duty of information needs identifier to find out the various departments in an organization and establish a relationship with the users.He is eligible to identify the major supporting areas within an organizations handbook go out be the output of this study that will offer guidance to further induces of identifying the information needs. (E. Joel Ross. management by information system, 1970, Prentice hall. ) A study of the organization and its environment. After this exercise the identifier should be able to prepare a profile for the organization. He should be able to identify of what type the organization is in order to identify the distinguishable forms of management system and decision making executees that pose a bearing on the information needs.There is also need to analyze the environment in which the organization works. A s tudy of the environment of the user. It is vital to identify in an orderly manner, the category of users and their respective information needs. The work of the identifier is to get a wide study of the users department forrader engaging in any interviews with the users. This helps him/her tardily identify the needs. Several sources that need to be studied in the users department include yearbook reports on the departments and their respective functions, Minutes of meetings, project reports, progress reports, and investigative reports est.It is necessary that the information identifier fully acquaints him/her of the full working of the department. This will make him fully understand the situations in which the user operates in. True needs however are identified from wide understanding of the user since they t set aside to place their wants and needs in fragments. Users are individuals, so the identifier should try as much as possible to address holistically perceive these needs. A user however might be playing a different role in an organization. An example is a wide variety of roles assumed by managers. It whitethorn include being. A disseminator spokesman A police squad leader A liaison A controller A decision maker. Resource allocator Broadly a user may form a node that pertains the following three different perspective of information flow in an organization Communicating in a birds marrow view perspective Includes giving job instructions and directives to specific tasks. The basis information of the job information designated for production of good understanding of relative tasks in an organization. Organizational practices and procedures providing timely feedbacks about runance to the subordinate. Communicating upwardly People will lambast about Their problems and their performance. Their organizational policies and practices. Others and their problems. The needs to be done. Communicating in a horizontal manner with colleagues in the sam e level of hierarchy. A user may interact with his culture which sets for him policies and other influences and attitude, formal organizations such as employing organization invisible colleges, gate keepers etc, his work team which is a distinguished subsystem in an organization because of interpersonal characteristics.Users caught up in complex situations need to be studied from two different perspectives Including direct methods which include Direct methods of user study include A close observation of the users during discussions with their colleagues. Engagement in a dialogue with the user when offering information work to them performing a detailed survey by use of questionnaires. Visiting the various departments where the users work and spy them. Some of the indirect methods are listed below Studying the events maintained by users which are included in diaries. Having a thorough analysis of the reference queries current from users. Analyzing responses from users after rend ering services to them. Taking users designs and analyzing them. Studying the users job description. Taking the publications of users and studying them. Studying the documents used by users. Scanning reports and correspondences received and prepared by users. An advantage of the direct observation is that there is personal contact of the identifier with the users. This provides an excellent opportunity for observation of users in their normal environment.A declension of the method of direct observation is that there is overdependence on the observers capability. It is necessary to note that there may result incidence of subjective element of the observer as a result of the observations made. The records of users are adequate in providing a reliable indication of the users subjects of interest. It is them subjected to extrapolation to a dynamic changing situation. Since users are developing human beings, and work in a system that is also subjected to constant change, it calls for keen study of the users. Some of the few methods of studying users are as below Studying the work diary of usersIn an organization users are always encouraged to maintain work related diaries. Recorded in the diary includes critical events and incidents, filed license applications, comments in regards to how improvement could be achieved in an organization, meetings and discussions held and their solutions etc. the consultants/ consultancy organizations preferred To some organizations it is a must for its employees to keep and maintain such diaries. It is also necessary for them to record the events in their order of occurrence such that it may act as a vital source of information to address the specific needs of the users.Sometimes it may give information about who associates with them both inside and outside the organization. Surveying the information sources used The objective here is to bring frequency and relevance of the different types of sources, their availability and a ccessibility and the different priorities assigned to them. There is emphasis on keeping records for respective departments. Formal interview The information need identifier after guardedly analyzing the above steps should be able to design questions, set up the clarifications to be made and similar points for discussion with the users.He is to design this depending on the users environment, category, and specific roles he plays in performing his responsibilities among other things. An information need identifier has to design a specific document for each user before carrying out a formal interview. The document should have. Available sources and services that are not in use Required types of information and services. Present sources of information and services in the organization. A draft estimate of needs anticipated by users. The intention of the gathered information is of a greater bearing on the real number information required.And therefore the information need identifier is supposed to find out by appropriate questioning the following aspects What information is needed, in what form, for what need, when needed and to perform which role. In what digestible form, table, original document, and executive summary etc. In what media print visual presentation or audio? The kind of information facts, is it technological detailed, opinions? To what coverage extent, is it exhaustive or selective? The identifier should be able to identify favorable products of information services to the users to enable them extensively express their needs.He/she should have the capability of identifying true needs. In relation to specific functions the user should identify specific functions related to the value needs. A need has values attached to act as determinants of priorities to be assigned. For satisfaction of the need, its information cost could be correlated to its consequences Also it maybe a necessity to attend meetings in areas under areas where the functions and r esponsibilities of users are addressed. Occasionally it is good to invite users for group discussions to shade light on future changes and even the changes that are taking place.This ensures free exchange of ideas within a system and therefore is preferred that there is an arrangement to having appointments with the users at those times they are free from important work. When conducting interviews it is important to ensure efficiency by providing some(prenominal) examples with relevant information services and aided in how he can meet his information needs. The examples should be relevant in the sense that they must be from the subject field of the user. It includes utilise the following criteria By presenting the actual problems that are likely to be faced by users in their daily activities.Providing appropriate conference language that can be easily understood by users so that they will express their needs unambiguously. Help the users pinpoint his subjects precisely by using t he subject profile of the organization that has been prepared by the information need identifier. Illustration of a few services that the user has already contemplated and seeking their deliver ideas as to which services they prefer. A show off of the different information so as to gather more sources and identify new users. Acquainting the users of present communion channels used in the organization.Refining the information needs It is an important idea of an information need identifier to periodically invite small groups of persons of the same war paint e. g. all technicians for discussions. End users are also members of the information system therefore they should be asked to mention their current activities and whatever problems they are facing. They should be able to talk about the information interests of their likes. They should talk of how the current system may be improved to match their respective information needs.It may occur that if the discussion is mightily done t hen some details from the survey could be combined. This will help in updating and modification of information needs that are of trump out use to the members and end users Conclusion To identify a thing is one thing and to satisfy it is another. It is my hope that the above study will be easily translated into practice. It implies that identification of information needs in this way will render the best services that will be able to satisfy the users needs. In the end the, users will be able to have a better outlook of the company.The creation of an information and communication technology within an organization will not only be an effective tool for communication but also ensures that an organization realizes higher productivity with low input costs. If a company is undergoing re-engineering process then it may need to employ a systems manager to work with the changed management. It calls for a well picture of the constraints and capabilities of technology.(P. R Sundarray, Joseph Sams. Implementation management of an E-commerce enabled enterprise information, 2002. ) .